In a new report looking at the retrofitting of older homes, Historic England found that carbon emissions from a detached Victorian home could be reduced by 84%, compared with 62% in a Georgian terraced home, 58% in a 1900s terrace, 56% in a Victorian semi-detached and 54% in a Victorian terrace.
It also found that regional weather patterns have a direct impact on homes’ carbon emissions, with a building in the North West generating 14% more emissions than an identical building in the South East.
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Buildings, including homes, are the third largest producers of carbon emissions in the UK, and homes alone account for 13% of all the UK’s carbon emissions. England has one of the oldest building stocks in Europe, with a fifth of all homes being over a century old.
Historic England said that in order to meet the government’s target of being carbon neutral by 2050, historic buildings needed to be recycled and reused, rather than demolished and rebuilt so that the CO₂ emissions already embodied within existing buildings are not lost through demolition.
It called for homeowners to keep on top of repairs, and urged them to consider measures such as upgrading loft insulation, upgrading secondary insulation, and adding draught proofing.
Duncan Wilson, chief executive of Historic England, said: “The scale and urgency of climate change requires people to take action now to reduce carbon emissions. Our buildings are important sources of embodied carbon, so we know we must reuse them, rather than demolish and rebuild, but as buildings are the third largest carbon emission producers in the UK after transport and industry we must also address their daily emissions. From small behavioural changes to larger energy efficiency improvements this new research demonstrates that we can greatly reduce the carbon footprint of our precious historic homes, while maintaining what makes them special.”
Adrian Olivier, chair of the Historic Environment Forum, said: “Urgent action to combat climate change is among the 2030 United Nations Global Sustainable Goals. To be effective, action must be taken at every level and by everyone, not just governments - we are all responsible and we can all contribute - collectively and individually.
“Historic buildings are more than 20% of the total building stock in England and too often they are seen as a block to carbon reduction. The Historic Environment Forum is proud to support this Heritage Counts Research, which shows a range of efficiency improvements that can be implemented relatively easily and cost-effectively.
“Empowering people to retrofit their home in a more sustainable way with effective energy saving measures will be a major step on our collective journey to net zero.”
Peter Ainsworth, chair of the Heritage Alliance, said: “I am delighted that this important new research is being announced at Heritage Day. I congratulate the Forum and Historic England on adding valuable detail to the case for the heritage sector’s role in helping to tackle the climate emergency. It helps illustrate the fact that re-use will always be more environmentally friendly than replace. I hope it helps concentrate the mind of policy makers when they consider the incentives currently created by the way VAT is charged on restoration projects.”
